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中考英语语法-代词

2010/5/8 12:42:00 浏览:1084 来源:济南家教网

  代词与名词的作用其实很相似,所担当的句中成分也相差不多。

  1、物主代词。

   怎么区分开名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词?例如my和mine,它们最重要的区别是?my的后面一定要接名词,不可以单独出现,只能做定语,如:my father;而 mine则是名词性,只能单独出现,在句中做主语和表语。如:Mine is green. It's mine. 记住这两个句子,名词性物主代词还有:yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs等。这样,通过它们出现的位置不同,我们就可以把它们区别开了。

 2、反身代词

  代词末尾加上"-self(selves)"则变成反身代词,表示“自己、亲自”的意思。反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以放在人称代词后面,做同位语。如:Marry herself said so. 玛丽她自己这么说的。(不能说Herself said so.)

   3、Of+名词性物主代词:构成双重所有格。公式为:a(an, this, that )+名词+of +名词性物主代词。因为物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, no, each,every, such, another等词一起前置,修饰一个名词,而必须用双重所有格。如: a friend of mine(我的一个朋友),each brother of his(他的每一个兄弟).
  4、some, any的用法:我们都知道some用于肯定句中,而any则用于否定句和疑问句中。 所以somebody,someone也用于肯定句中,而anybody、anyone则用于否定和疑问句中。
  注意:在Would you like some coffee?(要来点咖啡吗?)这样的肯定疑问句中,说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时,用some而不用any。
  5、every 和each的用法:every 强调全体的概念,指三个以上的人或物(含三个),不可单独使用;each强调个体概念,指两个以上的人或物 (含两个),可单独使用.。Every student in our school works hard.(我们学校的学生都很用功。) Each student may have one book.. (每个学生都可有一本书。)
  6、both, either, neither的用法:
  both意为“两者全都”,与复数连用。either意为“两者中间的任何一个”,neither 表示“两者之间一个也不是”,与单数连用。如:Both of  them come from London。他们两人都是伦敦人。 You may take either with you。 两个中间你随便带哪个都行。 Neither is correct。 两个都不对。
  7、Few,a few和little,a little的用法:
  Few,a few用来代替和修饰可数名词,little,a little用来代替和修饰不可数名词;a few和a little 着重肯定意思,相当于汉语“有几个”,“有一点儿”;few和little 着重否定意思,相当于汉语 “没有几个”,“没有多少”
   

练习:

1. We had plenty of paper but______ink.
  A. a few
  B. few
  C. not many
  D. not much
 2. Learning a foreign language is especially difficult for those who have  never learned ______before.
  A. one
  B. it
  C. them
  D. that
 3. We're very busy because we've so ______books to read and so _______homework to do every day.
  A. much ... many
  B. many ... much
  C. many ... a lot
  D. a lot ... much
 4. I thought ______of the matter but still couldn't find out the reason.
  A. every
  B. both
  C. nothing
  D. everything
 5. My car is not so expensive as ________.
  A. him
  B. he's
  C. he
  D. his
 6. Lily and Lucy have arrived,but _______students aren't here yet.
  A. other
  B. others
  C. the other
  D. the others
 7. There are high buildings on ______side of the street.
  A. both
  B. every
  C. any
  D.either
 8. -What do you usually have for breakfast?
  -______eggs and ______milk.
  A Little ... a few
  B. A little ... a little
  C. A few ... a little
  D. A few ... a few
 9. ______ is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.
  A. Something
  B. Anything
  C. Nothing
  D. Everything
 10. Is this story the same as ______in that book?
  A. the one
  B. what
  C. that
  D. it

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